Sciatica is a type of pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, extending from the lower back down through the hips and buttocks into each leg. It often results from a herniated disc, bone spur, or spinal stenosis compressing the nerve. Symptoms can include sharp, shooting pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected leg. Treatment typically involves physical therapy, medications, and lifestyle changes, with surgery considered in severe cases.